Portuguese agriculture is experiencing a structural turning point. Challenges such as an ageing working population, labour shortages, climate change, and the growing demand for more sustainable and traceable practices mean digitalisation and technological innovation are central to promoting the sector's competitiveness and resilience.
In this context, Precision Agriculture (PA) stands out as one of the pillars of Agroindustry 4.0, promoting a transition from empirical management to an approach based on data, computer modelling and artificial intelligence. This methodology allows for differentiated management of agricultural plots, adjusting practices such as irrigation, fertilisation, or plant protection for the soil, crop, and climate conditions in different regions of the country.
AP relies on GPS, soil and plant sensors (NDVI, humidity, electrical conductivity), drones, satellite images, and digital platforms. The data collected and analysed in a georeferenced way can optimise the use of resources, increase production efficiency, and support decision-making based on scientific evidence.
The main benefits of this approach include:
- Reduced consumption of water, fertilisers and pesticides;
- Improved farm profitability;
- Continuous monitoring of the agricultural ecosystem;
- Strengthening traceability and sustainability throughout the production chain.
At the same time, guaranteeing food security for a growing world population requires an immediate increase in agricultural production, using fewer resources and greater efficiency. PA has thus become a strategic tool for sustainable intensification, reconciling productivity, traceability, and environmental responsibility throughout the agri-food chain.
Despite the apparent benefits, the widespread adoption of PA faces significant challenges. The main obstacles include:
- High initial investment costs;
- Lack of specialised technical training;
- Difficulty in obtaining and integrating data;
- Lack of digital connectivity in rural areas.
Despite this, there is a growing adoption of these practices in Portugal, supported by applied research projects and the work of institutions such as the CCG/ZGDV, in partnership with organisations such as ADVID.
Viticulture, which is highly sensitive to soil and climate conditions, particularly benefits from technologies for mapping vegetative vigour, which allow adjusted interventions in pruning, watering and harvesting. Humidity sensors and agrometeorological models enable efficient irrigation strategies and regenerative practices. Early detection systems, such as clever traps or hyperspectral images, favour integrated and less impactful protection, while data-driven selective harvesting enhances higher quality winemaking.
With solid experience in applying computer science to industrial challenges, CCG/ZGDV is a strategic partner in this sector's digital transition. With skills in data analysis, systems modelling, digital platforms and the Internet of Things (IoT), at CCG/ZGDV we develop solutions that enable real-time monitoring, risk forecasting and intelligent resource management.
The mission is clear: contributing to more efficient, sustainable agriculture based on applied knowledge. Innovation is not just technological, but strategic and collaborative. The CCG/ZGDV is ready to support players in the agricultural and wine sector, putting science and technology at the service of a more resilient and sustainable agriculture.
Opinion article by:
Olga Oliveira, Science and Business Manager
